Announcement to Mary Readings

Ephesians 2:17-22
One in Christ
Brothers and Sisters:
So Jesus came and proclaimed peace to you who were far off and peace to those who were near; for through him both of us have access in one Spirit to the Father. So then you are no longer strangers and aliens, but you are citizens with the saints and also members of the household of God, built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, with Christ Jesus himself as the cornerstone. In him the whole structure is joined together and grows into a holy temple in the Lord; in whom you also are built together spiritually into a dwelling place for God. Praise be to God always!

John 4:39-42
Many of the Samaritans of that town began to believe in him because of the word of the woman who testified, “He told me everything I have done.” When the Samaritans came to him, they invited him to stay with them; and he stayed there two days. Many more began to believe in him because of his word, and they said to the woman, “We no longer believe because of your word; for we have heard for ourselves, and we know that this is truly the savior of the world.”

Prayer of the Faithful, vol. 1
SEDRO
O Lord, our Lord,
in your kindness hear the prayers and supplications we now offer you.
We your sinful servants beg you, with the perfume of this incense, to shed your mercy upon us.
In your boundless love that urged you to create us and call us your friends, receive our prayers.
When we had fallen from our original state,
you raised us up through your saving plan and your
life-giving passion.
We have offended you by our evil deeds,
but we come back to knock at your door.
Do not treat us, Lord, according to our disobedience and
the stubbornness of our will,
but may our repentance be a model for all those who, like us,
have sinned,
that they may never lose hope.
Did you not say, Lord: “If the wicked man renounces all the sins he has committed . . . they will be forgotten from then on?”
We have come back to you now;
do not withdraw your mercy from us even if we have
offended you more than all others.
Never have we rejected your holy name with which we were
sealed;
We beg you, therefore, not to turn away your face,
now let us become an object of scorn and mockery in the
eyes of those who have no God.
Deliver us not into the hands of our enemy,
for you know well that if you let him tempt us, we shall soon
fall and succumb.
Since no one is exempt from sin, but you O Lord, King and ruler of all,
receive us and grant us to rejoice in your eternal kingdom,
now and for ever.
Amen.
Saint of the Day:
Saint Abraham Kidunaja, died 366. Hermit and apostle who faced the pagan priests of Edessa in Mesopotamia. Born in that city, Abraham refused to enter into a marriage arranged by his prosperous parents and went out into the nearby desert to live in a sealed cabin. Food was provided for him through a single opening by disciples, and his influence attracted other hermits to the region. When Abraham’s parents died, he gave away his large inheritance. Soon after, he was asked by the bishop of Edessa to start a hermitage at Beth-Kiduna, near the city. The pagans in the region persecuted him after he destroyed their idols, but Abraham won them over and claimed the area for the Church. He then returned to his hermitage, where he is reported to have reached the age of seventy before dying.

Meditation:
THE FATHERS OF THE CHURCH AND THE PROBLEM OF A SUFFERING GOD
One of the greatest hurdles that confronted the Fathers of the Church was how to reconcile the idea of a suffering God with the Greco-Roman philosophical tradition of divinity, where change and suffering are foreign and impossible to the Supreme Being. With the possible exception of the early Syriac Fathers, whose roots were more Semitic and biblical than Hellenistic, this problem involved a great re-working of the classical heritage. Platonic tradition, Aristotelians, Stoicism, and Epicureanism were all in agreement that God could not have anger, love, hatred, compassion, envy, or mercy, he did not change, and he did not suffer.
The context for the Eastern Fathers is on the one hand the defense of their faith and on the other hand the expanding of the classical tradition through their own theological reflections. St. Ignatius of Antioch for example in his letter to the Ephesians reminds them that Jesus is God and Man, eternal God and born of Mary, and therefore is without suffering and has suffered.
Another Apostolic Father, St. Irenaeus of Lyons affirms the Catholic Faith against the Gnosticism of his day:

God is therefore one, as I have shown, the Father and Jesus Christ is one, Our Lord, who traveled through the whole order of salvation and gathered all things in himself. Man, too, one of God’s creatures belongs to this “all things”; thus he has also gathered all human beings in himself, and to do so the Invisible One became capable of suffering, and the Logos became man. He gathered all things in himself.

Melito of Sardis from the second half of the second century is the first to use the expression “deicide”, in which he was attempting to address the Christological question did God suffer in Christ or just the humanity of Jesus. He writes:
The non-suffering one suffers and does not avenge himself, the immortal one dies and utters not a word, the heavenly one is buried and endured it. What can this new mystery be? The creature is astonished. Jesus’ resurrection resolves this astonishment, for now the mystery is revealed: the invisible one becomes visible, the inconceivable one becomes conceivable, the immeasurable one becomes measurable, the non-suffering one suffers, the immortal one dies, and the heavenly one is buried.

In the late third century Lactantius in his refutation of the Stoics even goes so far as to say God has passions, although they are particular to is divinity and not like human passions. He wants to make it clear that the removed passionless idea of God held by the pagans was incorrect, and that the Christian God was not so unaffected.
Moving further ahead in the Patristic tradition to Gregory Thaumaturgus we find in his dialogue against a certain pagan named Theopompus, his use of the biblical tradition to attack the pagan Hellenistic view of divinity. Gregory writes:

He passed through death without fear and thus demonstrated his immortality; he became the death of death, for death could not hold him prisoner. Without this battle, we would not really know that God is not defeated by suffering.
Thus, God eliminated suffering and brought death low. Like a competitor, he won his crown by trial. His suffering was not subject to humiliation, but instead made manifest his godliness.

The pagan philosopher Celsus with his vehement attacks on Christianity lead Origen to refute him in eight books entitled Contra Celsus. In his response to Celsus, Origen “holds fast to the Christian paradox: Although God remains unchanging in his essence, nevertheless, by reason of his providence and plan of salvation, he descends to human affairs.” Origen believed that while the divine Logos was unchanging the human soul of Jesus was subject to the changes of his human body, this was a result of God’s infinite love for humanity – he became man.

In his Homily on Ezekiel Origen addresses the question of the Father’s suffering:
What sort of suffering was it that the Redeemer underwent for our sake? The suffering of love: and the Father himself, the Lord of all, who is longsuffering and rich in mercy (Psalm 102 [103]:8) and compassion – does he not suffer as well in some respect? Or do you not know that when he dealt with human affairs he underwent human suffering? For the Lord your God has taken your ways upon himself, just as a man carries his son (Dt. 1:31). God thus takes our ways upon himself, just as the Son of God bears our suffering. The Father himself is not without suffering. When one begs him, he has mercy and takes pity, he suffers in a sense from love, he places himself in a position that is impossible for him according to the greatness of his nature, and undergoes human suffering for our sake.

Lastly, St. Athanasius justifies this paradox of the suffering God in relation to Scripture, in 1Corinthians 15:23 it states: “for that which passes away must be clothed with permanence and that which is mortal with immortality.” The paradox therefore is intimately bound to God’s saving action and the transformation of his human children – the mystery of the non-suffering God who suffers is bound up in the Incarnation, Cross, and Resurrection of Jesus.
(Rev.) David A. Fisher